Friday, January 17, 2025

Review of Forgotten Capitals and the Historical Lessons They Teach by Derek Dwight Anderson

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Book Club Event = Book List (05/03/2025)




Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“Jolo’s experience as a capital city illustrates a number of important lessons for students of history.  The first is that cultural continuity is a more powerful historical force than politics.  Nations, empires, and their leaders come and go with the passage of time, but elements of culture such as religion, language, and artistic tradition are what truly endure.” – Derek Dwight Anderson, Chapter 1: Jolo, Page 11

 

“Quetzaltenango’s history demonstrates the importance of three trends.  The first is the power of localism, an affection or preference or loyalty for one’s own region over that of a larger entity.  This pattern might involve an allegiance to a city over a state or to a state over a nation.” – Derek Dwight Anderson, Chapter 2: Quetzaltenango, Page 25

 

“Rabaul and German New Guinea remind us of two valuable lessons.  The first is that historical periods are not experienced the same way by everyone.  Even individuals, neighborhoods, tribes, or nations in close proximity do not necessarily share in the same historical phenomena.  Rather, a person’s history and a place’s history is singular.” – Derek Dwight Anderson, Chapter 4: Rabaul, Page 60

Excerpts with permissions from the author

Review

Is This An Overview?

Details and sequences of events provide the contents of what happened, but the meaning of history comes from what can be learned from the contents.  Meaning is derived from understanding how to apply the lessons of history to one’s own experiences.  Lessons that come from a diverse set of history about the sovereignty of capitals. 

 

Lessons that include how cultures endure the passage of time better than political power.  While cultures share intergenerational knowledge with the community, the continuity of institutions depends on fostering an intergenerational loyalty of the people.  People prefer and are more loyal to the more local communities than the larger entities.  Should any political power want political legitimacy, want the support of the people, those in power will need to provide the people with more than just infrastructural conveniences. 

 

Caveats?

This is a short book that contains a diverse set of regional histories.  The details provided are meant to introduce the reader to the locations, and provide context about them.  To understand any specific region would require more research. 

 

The historic examples and the lessons have a contradiction.  One lesson is that experiences of history are singular, that individuals and neighboring regions can have different experiences within the same era.  This should make each lesson local and limited.  But the lessons themselves apply more broadly, as others shared variations of the experiences.  The examples give context to lessons derived from a larger sample set of histories.   


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•How does culture shape experiences? 
•What is the effect of the local community on behavior?
•What is the effect of loyalty on an institution? 
•How generalizable are experiences?
•What is the difference between political legitimacy and political power?
•When do civil wars end?  
•What happened to Jolo?
•What were the types of slaves in Jolo?
•How did Jolo’s geography shape trade?
•What lessons does Jolo teach? 
•What happened to Quetzaltenango?
•How did cholera effect society? 
•What Happened to Jacobo Arbenz?
•What lessons does Quetzaltenango teach? 
•What happened to Fillmore City?
•Who are the Mormons?
•Why did Salt Lake City become the capital?
•What lessons does Fillmore City teach? 
•What happened to Rabaul?
•How did the 1905 typhoon effects Germany’s influence over German New Guinea? 
•What lessons does Rabaul teach? 
•What happened to Engels?
•What lessons does Engels teach? 
•What happened to Xinjing?
•What lessons does Xinjing teach? 
•What happened to Enugu?
•What lessons does Enugu teach? 
•What happened to Banja Luka?
•Why was there an ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs?
•What lessons does Banja Luka teach? 
•What happened to Hargeisa?
•What lessons does Hargeisa teach? 

Book Details
This book was provided by the author
Publisher:               Derek Dwight Anderson
Edition ISBN:         9798334400986
Pages to read:          140
Publication:             2024
1st Edition:              2024
Format:                    Paperback 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    4
Content          3
Overall          3






Monday, January 13, 2025

Review of Trans: Gender Identity and the New Battle for Women's Rights by Helen Joyce

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Genre = Sociology
Book Club Event = Book List (03/22/2025)
Intriguing Connections = 1) The Persecuted and The Persecutors


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“The other belief systems accommodated in modern democracies are, by and large, held privately.  You can subscribe to the doctrine of reincarnation or resurrection alongside fellow believers, or on your own.  Gender self-identification, however, is a demand for validation by others.  The label is a misnomer.  It is actually about requiring others to identify you as a member of the sex you proclaim.” – Helen Joyce, Introduction, Page 14

 

“Within applied postmodernism, objectivity is essentially impossible.  Logic and reason are not ideals to be striven for, but attempts to shore up privilege.  Language is taken to shape reality, not describe it.  Oppression is brought into existence by discourse.  Equality is no longer achieved by replacing unjust laws and practices with new ones that give everyone the chance to thrive, but by individuals defining their own identities, and ‘troubling’ or ‘queering’ the definitions of oppressed groups.” – Helen Joyce, Chapter 3: My Name is Neo, Page 62

 

“Two studies that looked at what happened when they were used to delay puberty in animals suggested this caused defects in spatial memory and increased behaviours thought to be analogous to depression in humans.  |  Their only licensed paediatric use is to treat ‘central precocious puberty’, a rare condition in which children’s bodies mature far earlier than normal.  This causes major physical and social issues, but even so, there are concerns that the side effects are unacceptable.  The drugs stop calcium being laid down in bones, and studies suggest a significant drop in IQ.’” – Helen Joyce, Chapter 4: Child, Interrupted, Page 79


Review

Is This An Overview?

Humans are social animals, who want to belong.  Transgender people want safety, political and social acceptance, but the methods used to obtain the wants has consequences.  There have been many movements to support transgender people, and laws changed.  Society has changed to support transgender people, but misinformation harms society and transgender people.

 

Sex is biological while gender is social.  Transgender people are those who are transitioning their gender to a different gender.  Social aspects of a person can change more readily than sex differences.  The sex of members of the human species depends on gametes, which are facilities for production of sperm or eggs.  As humans mature, male and female bodies have various biological differences.  Differences such as skeletal structure and hormones.  Differences create different abilities in physical ability, that are not based on weight class. 

 

Testosterone is a growth hormone that males produce in higher quantities, which increases the strength and size of those born male.  When someone is thinking of transitioning at an early age, they can take puberty blockers to prevent the body from producing estrogen and testosterone.  Those who transition after puberty do not lose their testosterone produced differences even if they take hormonal medications.  Puberty blockers are a source of conflict for transgender due to the misinformation about them, for the side-effects of puberty blockers are not shared. 

 

Puberty blockers are presented as reversible, but they can affect the long-term health of an individual.  There are physical and mental health problems related to taking puberty blockers, which require a cascade of interventions, such as additional medications, to prevent the problems from exacerbating.  Detransitioners are those who transitioned, experienced the medication and surgeries involved, but later regretted their decision.  They have to live with health consequences of the interventions.   The physical, mental, and other wounds.   

 

To become transgender used require a major operation.  Being transgender has become based on self-identification.  A person can declare themselves to be whichever sex that they want, no matter their biology.  Gender self-identification requires others to validate the sex of the individual, to treat them for how they identify as.  While societies have been removing gender stereotypes for the harm they have caused, as no person represents any stereotype, and activities can be completed no matter the sex of the individual.  The transgender movement is taking a different approach with gender stereotypes, as someone who does not fit into a gender stereotype is thought of as transgender.

 

How Do Transactivists Influence Transgender Views?

This is a book more about transactivists than the transgender.  Transactivists are a lobby group who outnumber the transgender people they claim to speak for. 

 

The methods transactivists use to obtain political and social support are based on persecution.  Any views not aligned with transactivist, are considered hate speech.  They silence anyone who does not affirm the transactivist beliefs, share the consequences of transitioning, or question those thinking about transition.  Transactivists silence even the transgender themselves. 

 

This leads people to self-censor their views, to prevent harassment.  This has the effect of people publicly agreeing with transgender policies, while privately disagreeing.  Societies can accommodate various belief systems even if they are contradictory, but societies have a conflict when a group attempts to impose their beliefs on everyone else.

 

How Does The Medical Industry Respond To The Transgender Movement? 

There are people who changed their want to transition, they desist.  Medical professionals claim to be good at picking out those who persist, to go through with the transition.  Medical professionals who wanted caution or tried to make children comfortable in their own sex were harassed, resulting in a reduction of caution in the transitioning industry. 

 

Children can undergo surgery based on the advice of the medical professionals.  There are even regions that allow children to make their own claims on their medical treatment, overriding guardian’s consent and child-safeguarding rules. 

 

What Are Some Effects Of The Transgender Movement On Politics?     

With self-identification, any sex can enter spaces devoted to another sex.  Such as men can enter women’s restrooms.  This creates physical and social risk.  Men in jail can self-identify as women for their own safety, but this risks the safety of the female inmates. 

 

States are facing lawsuits to allow male athletes to compete as women, and lawsuits to prevent male athletes to compete as women.  Those who transitioned do not have the same physical abilities as the sex they have transitioned into, creating unfair competition.  A more appropriate response would be to add an additional category in sports for transgender, which would make sports safe and fair for everyone.

 

The transgender movement effects women’s political rights.  When women were fighting for equality, women were considered oppressed and needed to challenge the oppression.  With the transgender movement, women that want equal rights can become men, while those who remain women are considered content with supporting roles.

 

Caveats?

The topic is socially and politically sensitive.  The author tries to error correct for various sources of misinformation.  This book focuses on the harmful consequences on the health of transgender and social reactions, as these views are perceived to be more difficult to share.  The author recognizes that there have been people who were improved through the transition process, but does not share those details.  Details which could have included ways and reasons that can make transition appropriate.  Along the missing details of those who appreciated the transition, are the missing references to transgender people who are being hurt through lack of inclusion and social support. 

 

The author shares various conflicts of including transgender people into various social functions.  What are missing are the alternative methods for safety and acceptance for transgender people which would not cause a conflict.

 

The author disapproves the methods that transactivists use to gain social and political support.  The problem is that the author sometimes uses the same harsh methods on the transactivists.  Alternative methods to explain ideas would have set a better precedent on how to handle the sensitive topic. 

 

The author tries to be scientific when approaching the topic of sex and gender.  The problem is that the author sometimes uses inappropriate scientific reasoning for lack of supporting scientific research.  In part, this is due to the lack of scientific research being done on the topics given the political sensitivity.  


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What is the difference between public and private views about transgender? 
•How has journalism and academia changed about how their approach transgender?
•What is gender self-identification?
•What is the purpose of single-sex spaces? 
•What happened to single-sex spaces such as restrooms and jails?
•Can both sexes enter spaces legally restricted to single-sex?
•What is body autonomy? 
•How should a democracy handle belief systems?
•What are transactivists?
•Who is silenced by transactivists?
•What is gender dysphoria? 
•What is gender-affirmation medicine?
•What are puberty blockers?
•What do therapist and clinicians advise to gender-dysphoric children? 
•Are the effect of puberty blockers easily reversible? 
•What happens to clinicians who urge caution? 
•What lawsuits are being made regarding transgender people? 
•Who are detransitioners? 
•Who are Anna and Einar Larssen?  How did they effect transgender people?
•What is the difference between a one-sex model and two-sex model?
•How did Jorgensen effect transgender? 
•What determines sex?
•How are humans socialized? 
•What did Milton Diamond find out about John Money’s theories?  
•How did British law change about transsexuals? 
•How does culture effect gender non-conforming people?
•What was Clarke’s criteria for surgery? 
•How is the Matrix, a transgender movie? 
•How did computer games effect transgender people? 
•What is applied postmodernism?
•What are Gish gallop?
•Can brain scans determine someone’s sex?
•Why do people choose to be transgender? 
•What defines if a person is the wrong sex and needs to change?
•Who does media support and vilify?
•How does the transgender movement effect laws on child-safeguarding? 
•How does the transgender movement effect inclusion?
•How does the transgender movement effect people of the past? 
•Why did sports become sex-segregated? 
•What defined womanhood in sports?
•How do movements normally get rights and who do those rights effect?  How are trans rights obtained and who do they effect?  
•How do businesses respond to the trans movement? 

Book Details
Alternative Title:     Trans: When Ideology Meets Reality
Publisher:                 Oneworld Publications
Edition ISBN:          9780861540501
Pages to read:          261
Publication:             2022
1st Edition:              2021
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          5
Overall          5






Wednesday, November 20, 2024

Review of Saladin: The Life, the Legend and the Islamic Empire by John Man

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Book Club Event = Book List (07/25/2025)
12) War


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“One consequence of Islamic scholarship and self-assurance was its tolerance.  This was not a world of inward-looking fundamentalism.  True, Jews and Christians were seen as benighted, the Jews for believing that divine revelation had stopped with the Hebrew prophets, the Christians for abandoning monotheism, believing that God was not one but a Trinity.  Yet Judaism and Christianity were seen as stepping-stones from barbarism to revelation and Islam.  All three were ‘Peoples of the Book’, namely what Christians know as the Old Testament.” – John Man, Chapter 1: A World in Conflict, Pages 3-4

“When Saladin came to Damascus with his father in the mid-twelfth century, its glory days as an imperial capital were long gone.  Islam had been made anarchic by rival dynasties, and the capital was now Baghdad.  The Umayyad Mosque had been ruined by fire in 1069.  But now the former capital was being resurrected by the Seljuks.” – John Man, Chapter 2: A Teenager in Damascus, Pages 30-31

“But securing his power had political implications for Saladin.  It made him increasingly independent of Nur al-Din back in Damascus, and Nur al-Din was worried that his protégé might have ambitions beyond his station.  He would have done something to reassert his authority, except that in June 1169 northern Syria was struck by the worst earthquake in living memory.” – John Man, Chapter 4: Building a Power-base, Page 66


Review

Is This An Overview?

A solution to European regional conflicts, which included a Christian power struggle, was a Crusade.  The 1st Crusade united the leaders through conflict and a noble cause, against Islam.  Muslims did not have the unity to withstand the Crusade.  Some wanted to use the Crusaders against their own Muslim opponents or appease the Crusaders.  Even years after the Crusade, Arabic communities preferred Frankish leaders to their own.  But Christian misbehavior, created a desire to unite Muslim communities.  The 2nd and 3rd Crusades were initiated in response to Muslims recapturing territory.  The leader against the 3rd Crusade, was Saladin. 

 

Saladin was a Muslim Sultan who united Muslims and successfully defended the realm against the Crusaders.  Decisions that Saladin made, turned Saladin into a hero to Muslims and Christians alike.  Saladin was generous, and facilitated policies that enabled a prosperous economy.  Saladin was an effective negotiator, and avoided needless conflicts such as those which would have turned rivals into enemies. 

 

Saladin showed mercy to many, even to opponents.  Other leaders would not have shown mercy.  Sparing many people was a decision criticized by Saladin’s allies, as the spared people were then able to defend regions against Saladin.  Saladin’s generosity and mercy is contrasted by the Crusaders, who slaughtered many indiscriminately.  Christians might have united under a banner to engage in the Crusades, but Christians began to support Saladin as Saladin was seen as divine punishment for Christian misbehavior. 

 

What Political Situation Did Saladin Have To Manage?

Religion and culture united the people, but violent conflicts existed.  Various Islamic kingdoms were wealthy, and used the wealth to fund research.  They sought knowledge, no matter the source.  They were tolerant of diversity, such as in art and science, for all creation reflected the glory of Allah. 

 

Islam was split between Shia and Sunni sects.  Each having their politically dominant regions.  During this time, changing allegiances was common.  People might have been opponents during conflict, but were willing to trade with each other quickly after the conflict.  The political world could quicky change enemies and rivals into trading partners and friends.

 

Who Was Saladin?

Saladin came from a politically influential family.  Earned favor and political power from an early successful campaign.  Earning governorship of two villages initially, and gaining Egypt by being recognized as candidate for succession after the death of the predecessor.  Power was gained mostly through luck of circumstance. 

 

As Saladin gained power, there was a conflict as to who Saladin was supposed to serve.  Which religious sect, which peoples, which more powerful leader.  With diverse interests, Saladin was under threat from rebellion and assassination.  As Saladin secured power, Saladin became more independent of Saladin’s political supporter, Nur al-Din.

 

Saladin also had to deal with the Nizari, who became known as Assassins.  The Nizari were culturally Shi’te Islam.  The Nizari almost killed Saladin twice. 

 

Caveats?

There is a lot of content provided on the politics and the world during the era.  Most of the content on Saladin, is about interactions with the Crusaders. 


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What is Saladin’s true name?
•Who was Saladin?
•Who was Reynald?
•How did Islam effect the people?
•What do Muslims think of art and science?
•What did Muslims think of Jews and Christians?
•What is the Shia-Sunni split?
•Who were the Assassins? 
•How did Charlemagne effect Europe?
•What was the European political situation?
•What was the Christian political situation?
•How did Pope Urban manage conflicts?
•What did the Turks and Arabs think of Crusaders?
•How did the Seljuks effect Turkey? 
•What factors contributed to the 2nd Crusade? 
•How did people exchange information? 
•What was Saladin’s first campaign?
•What happened between Nur al-Din and Shirkuh?
•How did Saladin become a political leader controlling territory? 
•Who did Saladin serve?
•How did Nur al-Din handle Saladin’s power rise? 
•To whom did Saladin show mercy?
•Why give alms? 
•Who became Nur al-Din successor?
•What was the truce between Saladin and Baldwin?
•What was Reynald’s aim in Medina?
•What was the interaction between Saladin and Reynald?
•How long did sieges last?
•What did jihadist think of Saladin’s generosity?
•How did Saladin’s reputation change after taking Jerusalem? 
•What did the Byzantine emperor think of the co-religionists? 
•How did women take part in the Crusades?
•What was Richard’s personality?
•What did Richard do to prisoners, and how did Saladin respond? 
•What decision did Saladin make for Ascalon before the arrival of Richard?
•What happened to Conrad?
•How did the 3rd Crusade end?
•What happened to Richard in Austria?
•Was Saladin successful?


Book Details
Publisher:               Da Capo Press [Hachette Book Group]
Edition ISBN:         9780306825422
Pages to read:          274
Publication:             2016
1st Edition:              2015
Format:                    Paperback

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          5
Overall          5






Saturday, November 16, 2024

Review of Death's End by Cixin Liu

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Series Collection = The Three-Body Problem


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“A new technology can transform society, but when the technology is in its infancy, very few people can see its full potential.  For example, when the computer was first invented, it was merely a tool for increasing efficiency, and some thought five computers would be enough for the entire world.  Artificial hibernation was the same.  Before it was a reality, people just thought it would provide an opportunity for patients with terminal illnesses to seek a cure in the future.  If they though further, it would appear to be useful for interstellar voyages.  But as soon as it became real, if one examined it through the lens of sociology, one could see that it would completely change the face of human civilization.” – Cixin Liu, Chapter: Excerpt from A Past Outside of Time: Hibernation: Man Walks for the First Time Through TIme, Page 828


“When humanity finally learned that the universe was a dark forest in which everyone hunted everyone else, the child who cried out for contact by the bright campfire put out the fire and shivered in the darkness.  Even a spark terrified him.  |  During the first few days, even mobile phone use was forbidden, and antennas around the world were forcibly shut down.  Such a move, which would have once caused riots in the streets, was widely supported by the populace.” – Cixin Liu, Chapter: Excerpt from A Past Outside of Time: Nyctohylophobia, Page 862
 
“Without a doubt, Lou Ji’s creation of dark forest deterrence against Trisolaris was a great achievement, but the Wallfacer Project that led to it was judged a ridiculous, childish act.  Humanity, like a child entering society for the first time, had lashed out at the sinister universe with terror and confusion.  Once Lou Ji had transferred control of the deterrence system to the UN and the Solar System Fleet, everyone thought the Wallfacer Project, a legendary bit of history, was over.” – Cixin Liu, Chapter: Excerpt from A Past Outside of Time: The Ghost of the Wallfacers: The Swordholder, Page 885

Review

Is This An Overview?

The Dark Forest deterrence has changed human and Trisolaran societies.  Humans think that Trisolarans are no longer a threat.  Trisolaran eagerness to share knowledge, leads to a cultural exchange.  Humans learn to advance technologically from Trisolaran culture.  Trisolarans learn to be creative and organize their society based on human culture.  Each species shows respect to each other.  People are speaking of a universe of peace.  The Dark Forest deterrence is still needed as the Trisolarans are acknowledged to still be technologically superior.  Dark Forest deterrence depends on a single person, a Swordholder, to activate the system once defection has been detected.  Can deterrence last?  What makes for an effective Swordholder?  What do the Trisolarans want from Earth?

 

Caveats?

This book is still based on science, but is more science fiction.  The science fiction becomes increasingly more abstract.  Part of the science is the potential interaction with alien life, which shares how the universe, can be a tragic place. 


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What happened during the 15th century in Constantinople?
•What magic did Helena have?
•What did Yang Dong learn from Ye Wenjie’s computer?
•How does the environment change with the presence of life? 
•What happened to Euthanasia Laws during the Crisis Era?
•Who is Yun Tianming?
•What does Yun Tianming think of Euthanasia?
•How did Yun Tianming effect Wen?  What did Wen do for Yun Tianming in return?
•How did Yun Tianming obtain money and what did Yun Tianming do with the money?
•How did Cheng Xin effect Yun Tianming?
•What does Yun Tianming think of Cheng Xin?
•What is the Stars Our Destination Project?
•Why send a probe at the Trisolaran fleet?
•Who is Cheng Xin?
•Who is Wade?
•What is the Staircase Program?
•What is being used in the Staircase Program?  What is being sent and why?
•How did hibernation effect society? 
•What happened to the probe being used in the Staircase Program?
•What happened when the Dark Forest idea was learned by humanity?
•What happened to the Bronze Age spaceship?
•What did the crew of the Bronze Age do, and how did Earth respond?  How does the crew justify what they did?
•What was the purpose of the Gravity spaceship?
•Why is Gravity spaceship sent to chase Blue Space spaceship?
•What is a Swordholder?
•What is Cheng Xin awakened from hibernation during Deterrence Era?
•Who is AA?
•What is the cultural exchange between humans and Trisolarans?
•What knowledge do the Trisolarans share?
•What information is being withheld by Trisolarans?
•How does language work during the Deterrence Era?
•What were the social demographics of the Deterrence Era?
•What is mundicide?
•Who is considered a murderer?
•What do people think of Lou Ji?
•Who is being considered for the Swordholder position?
•What happened when Lou Ji transferred ownership of the deterrence system to the UN and the Solar System Fleet?
•Who is Sophon?
•What are sophon blind region?
•What is happening inside Gravity spaceship when pursuing Blue Space inside the sophon blind region?
•How does the crew of Gravity react to the events that are happening inside the blind region?
•What happened to the Droplets accompanying Gravity?
•What happened during the change of Swordholders?
•What choice did the 2nd Swordholder make? 
•How did Dark Forest deterrence system evovle?
•What happened to humans during the Post-Deterrence Era?
•What happened in Australia during Post-Deterrence Era?
•How was the Earth Security Force formed and what happened to them?
•How was the Gravity and Blue Space situation resolved? 
•How to navigate the fourth dimension?  
•What discoveries were made in the fourth dimension? 
•What happened due to the broadcast by Gravity?
•What happened to the Trisolarans?
•Can a safety notice be sent out to the universe?
•What happened to the brain of Yun Tianming?
•What were Yun Tianming tails about?
•What is the Bunker Project?
•What is the Blank Domain Plan?
•What is the Lightspeed Spaceflight Plan?
•What is the problem with lightspeed?
•What choice did Cheng Xin make with the Halo Group?
•What choice did Cheng Xin make with Halo City?
•What was the purpose of the paper slip sent to humans? 
•What is different about the spaceship Halo?
•Where did Cheng Xin take Halo?
•What is the most powerful weapon of a civilization?
•Who are the Zero-Homers?
•What is Universe 647?

Book Details
Translator:              Ken Liu
Original Language: Mandarin
Translated Into:       English
Publisher:               A Tor Book [Tom Doherty Associates]
Edition ISBN:         9780765397485
Pages to read:          597
Publication:             2017
1st Edition:              2010
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          4
Overall          4






Wednesday, November 6, 2024

Review of The Dark Forest by Cixin Liu

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Series Collection = The Three-Body Problem


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“By an overwhelming majority, a special session of the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution declaring Escapism a violation of international law.  In strong language, the resolution condemned the division and turmoil that Escapism has created within human society, and described Escapism as a crime against humanity in the eyes of international law.  The resolution called on member states to enact legislation as soon as possible to put a stop to Escapism.” – Cixin Liu, Chapter: Year 3, Crisis Era, Page 374

 

“It took just an instant for Luo Ji to comprehend the true nature of his status as Wallfacer.  Like Say had said, before the mission was handed down, the ones who would undertake it could not have been consulted.  And once the Wallfacer mission and identity were granted, they could not be refused or abandoned.  This impossibility was not due to any individual’s coercion, but because cold logic, as determined by the project’s very nature, meant that once someone became a Wallfacer, an invisible and impenetrable screen was immediately thrown up between them and ordinary people that made their every action significant.” – Cixin Liu, Chapter: Year 3, Crisis Era, Page 424

 

“The Wallfacers were subject to increasing scrutiny from the community.  Whether they had asked for the role or not, they had been set up in the eyes of the masses as messiah figures.  Accordingly, a Wallfacer cult sprang up.  No matter how many explanations the UN and PDC issued, legends of their supernatural abilities circulated widely and grew increasingly fanciful.  In science fiction movies, they were shown as superheroes, and, in the eyes of many, they were the sole hope for humanity.  This gave the Wallfacers an enormous amount of popular and political capital that guaranteed things would go smoothly when they tapped huge amounts of resources.” – Cixin Liu, Chapter: Year 8, Crisis Era, Page 483


Review

Is This An Overview?

The Trisolarans are heading to Earth, with ill intent towards humankind.  Trisolaran technology is far advanced compared to what humans have, but during the time it would take the Trisolarans to reach Earth, humans have the potential to develop more advanced technology compared to what Trisolarans have.  A potential nullified by Trisolaran sophon technology, that is used to prevent humans from understanding physics, from gaining more knowledge about how reality works.  This limits human technology to developments using knowledge already possessed.  Sophons have another function, to inform the Trisolarans of everything that humans are doing and saying.  The threat posed by the Trisolarans changes human society.  Governments and economies change their priorities, people suffer from psychological turmoil.  Various methods are proposed to handle the threats. 

 

A limit to the sophons, is their inability to know what someone is thinking.  Humans create the Wallfacer Project to take advantage of the secrets people carry in their thoughts.  The Wallfacers are four individuals chosen to think of a plan without explaining to others what the plan is.  Nobody can know what the Wallfacers are actually thinking.  With minor limitations, whatever the Wallfacers want, others have to find a way to obtain what they want.  The Wallfacers come from different backgrounds and begin to think of methods to overcome the Trisolaran threat.  The Wallfacers are treated as saviors of humankind. 

 

While there are those wanting humans to overcome the Trisolaran threat, leading to support for the Wallfacer methods.  There are humans who have allied themselves to the Trisolarans, and want the Trisolarans to succeed.  The Trisolaran human allies find a Wallbreaker for each Wallfacer.  The Wallbreakers’ task is to expose the plan that the Wallfacers have in their thoughts.  Can the Wallfacers find a method to save humanity or will the Wallbreakers succeed in reading the Wallfacers thoughts?

 

Caveats?

This book not only requires readers to have some familiarity with science, but the reader also has to become an investigator.  The reader has to become a Wallbreaker, to continuously try to figure out the Wallfacers plan.  This book is filled with events that appear to have insignificant consequences, obvious consequences, or random behavior, which can have drastic consequences for the future of humanity, and have different reasons and outcomes than expected.  The variety of events can make it difficult to understand how they coalesce, and the variety of perspectives can be difficult to keep track of.

 


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What is cosmic sociology?  What are the axioms of cosmic sociology? 
•Is there a difference between thinking and saying?
•What is the difference between how the Trisolarans share thoughts and how humans share thoughts?
•How do the Trisolarans use disguises?
•What is a sophon and what are they capable of?
•What are the options do humans present to handle the Trisolarans?
•What are the Escapism plans?
•What happens to the Escapism plans and who does the outcome benefit?
•Who are the Wallfacers and what do they do?
•How do the Wallfacers carry out their plans?
•How does the world react to the Wallfacers?
•Who is Frederick Tyler?
•Who is Manuel Rey Diaz?
•Who is Bill Hines?
•Who is Keiko Yamasuki?
•Who is Luo Ji?
•Does Luo Ji have a mental health problem when trying to write a love story?
•Who is Shi Qiang (Da Shi)?
•Who is Zhang Beihai? 
•What did General Chang Weisi think of Zhang Beihai?
•How has the spirit of armies changed over time? 
•When will the Trisolarans travel to Earth?
•How big is the Trisolaran Fleet and what happens to it?
•What is the Doomsday Battle?
•What is hibernation and why is it used?
•What weapons are thought to be available in the future? 
•What is the outcome of the ETO?
•What is the Planetary Defense Council (PDC)?
•Why is everyone getting a flue with mild symptoms?
•Can thought be controlled?
•What is the Faith Center?
•What is the defeatist mentality?  How do people respond to defeatism? 
•What does the future look like?  Specifically Crisis Era year 205?
•What is the government structure of Crisis Era year 205?
•What was the Great Ravine?
•Can there be peace talks with the Trisolarans?
•What are human spacecrafts cable of?
•How have humans adapted to space?
•What happens to Luo Ji after hibernation?
•What is Killer 5.2?
•What is a distributed command system and a centralized command system?
•What happens aboard the Natural Selection?
•What is the Trisolaran probe?
•What do humans think about the Trisolaran probe before contact with the probe?
•What was the formation of the human fleet when reaching the probe?
•What happens when the human contact the Trisolaran probe?
•What happened to the Quantum spaceship?
•What happened to Starship Earth?
•What is the Dark Forest?
•What happens to the Earth and Trisolarans?


Book Details
Translator:              Joel Martinsen
Original Language: Mandarin
Translated Into:       English
Publisher:               A Tor Book [Tom Doherty Associates]
Edition ISBN:         9780765397485
Pages to read:          419
Publication:             2017
1st Edition:              2008
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          5
Overall          5